It is called artificial intelligence (AI) to the branch of Computer Science dedicated to the development of rational agents do not live. In order to explain the above definition, an agent must understood as anything capable of perceiving their environment, processing and such perceptions and act in their environment, and understands rationality as the characteristic that has a choice to be correct, more specifically, tend to maximize a desired outcome (this concept of rationality is more general and therefore more appropriate intelligence to define the nature of the objective of this discipline).

Several examples are in the automatic planning, system control area, ability to respond, to diagnoses and to consultation of the consumers, recognition of writing, speech recognition and recognition of landlords. The IA systems at the moment are part of the routine in fields like economy, medicine, engineering and the military, and it has been used in great variety of applications of software, games of strategy like chess of computer and other games.

Exists different types from knowledge and means of representation of the knowledge, which can be loaded in the agent by its designer or can be learned by the same agent using technical of learning. Also several types of processes valid are distinguished to obtain rational results, that determine the type of intelligent agent. Of simpler to more complexes, the five main types of processes are:

• • Execution of an answer predetermined by each entrance (analogous to reflected acts in alive beings).
• • Search of the state required in the set of the states produced by the possible actions.
• • Genetic algorithms (analogous to the process of evolution of the DNA chains).
• • Artificial neural networks (analogous to the physical operation of the human and animal brain).
• • Reasoning through formal logic (analogous to the human abstract thought).

There are also different types of perceptions and actions, can be obtained and be produced, respectively by physical sensors and mechanics in machines, electrical or optical pulses in computers, as much as by entrances and exits of bits of a software and their software surroundings.

Several examples are in the automatic planning, system control area, ability to respond to diagnoses and to consultation of the consumers, recognition of writing, speech recognition and recognition of landlords. The IA systems at the moment are part of the routine in fields like economy, medicine, engineering and the military, and it has been used in great variety of applications of software, games of strategy like chess of computer and other games.